An OECD analysis of PISA data across more than 80 countries finds that many 15-year-olds remain uncertain about their career paths and continue to favour a narrow set of traditional, high-status professions. Students’ job expectations show little alignment with labour market demand, while socio-economic background strongly influences educational ambitions. Limited participation in career guidance and employer engagement further contributes to confusion, anxiety and a growing mismatch between teenage aspirations and future workforce needs.